Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2003)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2003)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 24% (male 861/female 825) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 2,330/female 2,251) 65 years and over: 10.6% (male 335/female 410) (2005 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	-
Airports	2 (2004 est.)	none (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908, except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations, and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 NM to 200 NM around each island.
Birth rate	13.83 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)	-
Capital	Saint-Pierre	-
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	120 km	NA km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	adopted 3 October 1985
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none
Death rate	6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	briefly occupied by military force in 1982 - claimed by Argentina in constitution but declares it will no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	-
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption	40.06 million kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - production	43.08 million kWh (2002)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	NA
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	-
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	-
Exports	NA	-
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	-
Exports - partners	Belgium 41.3%, US 19.9%, Spain 14.9%, France 10%, Germany 4.1% (2004)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia
Highways	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA	-
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	-
Imports - partners	France 37.6%, Canada 25.3%, Ireland 25.2%, Italy 5.1% (2004)	-
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	-
International organization participation	UPU, WFTU	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	-
Labor force	3,261 (1999)	-
Labor force - by occupation	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (1998 est.)
Languages	French (official)	-
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.46 years male: 76.13 years female: 80.9 years (2005 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	-
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	North America	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	-
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	fish
Net migration rate	-4.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Left Radical Party or PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	7,012 (July 2005 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	0.21% (2005 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Saint-Pierre	Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	0 (2003)
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	4,800 (2002)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	-
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	0 (2003)
Terrain	mostly barren rock	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	2.03 children born/woman (2005 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	9.8% (1997)	-
Waterways	-	none

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